PE-22-28
PE-22-28, also known as Mini-Spadin, is a synthetic heptapeptide consisting of 7 amino acids developed as an optimized analog of the naturally occurring peptide Spadin. Originally derived from research into TWIK-related K+ channel 1 (TREK-1) modulation, PE-22-28 represents a novel therapeutic approach to mood disorders and cognitive enhancement through selective potassium channel inhibition.
This peptide has gained considerable attention in neuropsychiatric medicine for its studied role in preclinical models of depression, anxiety, and cognitive dysfunction. PE-22-28 exhibits unique pharmacological properties through TREK-1 channel blockade, offering rapid-onset therapeutic effects with improved tolerability compared to traditional antidepressants, making it distinctive among neurotherapeutic peptides.
Overview
PE-22-28 demonstrates superior pharmacokinetic properties compared to its parent compound Spadin, with structural modifications that enhance stability and extend duration of action. The peptide exhibits water solubility and maintains bioactivity across various physiological conditions, though it requires parenteral or intranasal administration due to poor oral bioavailability. The compound is metabolized through peptidase enzymes with sustained activity extending beyond 24 hours post-administration.
Chemical structure & Properties
- Molecular Formula: C35H55N11O9
- Molecular Weight: ~773.9 Da
- Sequence: Gly-Val-Ser-Trp-Gly-Leu-Arg (GVSWGLR)
- Half-life: >24 hours activity duration
- Stability: Enhanced in vivo stability through structural optimization
Mechanism of Action
PE-22-28 exerts its therapeutic effects through multiple interconnected molecular pathways:
Areas Investigated in
the Research Literature
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Current Clinical Evidence
Safety Profile and Considerations
Regulatory Status and Legal Considerations
Regulatory information current as of 28 August 2026. This is a summary, not legal or medical advice, and status can change.
FDA Status
- Classification: Investigational peptide - not approved for therapeutic use
- Approval Status: No FDA approval for human clinical applications
- Research Use: Limited to experimental protocols and research settings
- Regulatory Position: Requires comprehensive clinical development for therapeutic approval
WADA Status
- Classification: Prohibited under S0: Non-Approved Substances
- Athletic Use: Prohibited at all times.
- Testing: Detection methods may be limited due to novel compound status
Legal Availability
- Commercial Status: Not legally available as prescription medication
- Market Presence: Available through specialized research chemical suppliers
- Quality Control: No regulatory oversight ensuring purity or potency standards
- Clinical Use: Restricted to research institutions and experimental applications
Conclusion
What the evidence supports
PE-22-28 is an investigational peptide studied in animal and cell-culture models for effects on the TREK-1 channel, mood regulation and neuroplasticity. It has not been studied in humans; there is no human efficacy or safety data and no established dosing. PE-22-28 is not FDA approved and is prohibited under WADA as a non-approved substance (S0). This page summarizes the published research and nothing further.
PE-22-28 SCIENTIFIC
DATA SUMMARY
About this library
This library is published for education. It summarizes published research on compounds studied in this field. Many have no approved medical use, and several cannot lawfully be compounded in the United States. The presence of a page here does not mean Paragon offers that compound. Nothing on these pages is an offer to treat.
This page is general education about a compound studied in this field. Nothing here is medical advice, a recommendation, or an offer to prescribe or supply. A page appearing in this library does not mean Paragon Sports Medicine offers that compound.
Disclaimer: This information is provided for educational purposes only and does not constitute medical advice. PE-22-28 is not approved by the FDA for human therapeutic use. Patients should consult with qualified healthcare providers before considering any peptide therapy.
Statements on this page have not been evaluated by the FDA and are not intended to diagnose, treat, cure, or prevent any disease. Many peptides described here are not FDA approved for the uses discussed, and some cannot lawfully be compounded in the United States. Nothing on this page is medical advice or a recommendation for any individual. Whether any therapy is appropriate depends on your history, your laboratory results, and a clinical evaluation. Individual results vary. This page is published for education. Use of this site does not create a physician-patient relationship.